Posts in category: Uncategorized

Benchtop mills are an excellent option for CNC conversion, especially if you are a hobbyist machinist looking to hone your skills. The best benchtop mills in the market can provide you with industrial-level machining at an affordable price and smaller scale. And with the help of the right mill conversion kit, you can transform them into computerized machines that will save you time and resources. 

And the best thing is once you have gotten your fair share of production from a benchtop mill, you can convert it into CNC and have an improved, helpful tool in your arsenal. Not to mention, you can also practice CNC machining with your converted benchtop mill and save a lot of time and effort that comes with manual machining.

But not all benchtop mills are made the same. There are some that work great with CNC conversion, and then there are some that are not conversion-friendly. 

This blog will talk about the best benchtop mills in 2022 for CNC conversion. But before we get into it, let’s first understand what makes a mill suitable for CNC conversion.

Finding the Right Machine and the Right Mill Conversion Kit

The first thing is the weight and size of the machine. You would want a small benchtop mill, so you could quickly work around it. But don’t get something too small otherwise, the retrofitting could get complicated. 

Go with an average-sized mill. Rigid and massive mills can take deeper cuts with less chattering. You would need an engine hoist to lift or move the mill. 

Next up is the spindle or, more precisely, the RPM rate of the spindle. You would want to make sure the machine you are buying has a spindle speed of at least 4000-6000 RPM(ofc the spindle speed you need depends on the kind of materials you will be working on. Moreover, if you can find a machine with a belt-driven spindle, go with that as they tend to be quieter.

Lastly, you have to consider the price of the machine. Typically, a benchtop mill should cost you somewhere around $1000 to $3000. 

Now that we have understood the basics of choosing the suitable machine, let’s take a look at the best benchtop mills for CNC conversion:

Klutch Mini Milling Machine

If you are looking for a machine that is pure value for your money, the Klutch Mini Milling machine should be your choice. Made of cast iron and available at attractive price points, this machine is designed for small-scale machinists and hobbyists. 

The machine boasts 3.4 horsepower motors and doesn’t vibrate like its contemporaries at variable milling speed. 

The best thing about the Klutch Mini Milling machine is that it allows the head and column to tilt to 45 degrees to the left and the right. This movement helps you make use of the machine in several productive ways. 

The Klutch Mini Milling machine weighs 143 lbs, which is not much if you are looking for a benchtop mill for CNC conversion. Nevertheless, this machine can easily be retrofitted and transformed into a CNC as long as you avoid the deeper cuts. 

Klutch Mini Milling machine is a bang for your bucks. It is sturdy, affordable, and easy to move around, making it a good alternative for CNC conversion.

Erie Tools Mini Milling Machine

The Erie Tools Mini Milling machine should be your choice if you require heavy-duty output from your mill. This machine comes with a range of unique features such as variable speed control, a forward and reverses switch, and a safety shut-off.

The machine comes with a spindle speed of 2500 RPM. The Erie Tools Mini Mill weighs 103 lbs, which is a bit lighter for a machine to be converted into CNC. Nevertheless, the sturdy structure and solid base of the machine allow it to be retrofitted according to your requirements.

One thing worth noticing here is that the machine runs on plastics gears, which might need replacement after a few years of use. You can integrate metal gears into the machine to make it last longer and perform better. 

If you are looking for a machine to work on your metal DIY projects, the Erie Tools Mini Mill will not disappoint you. It comes with a multi-purpose tool that can be used for lathing, drilling, and milling. 

Grizzly Industrial G8689 Mini Milling Machine

If we had to choose our favorite mini-mill producer for CNC conversion, it has to be Grizzly. Weighing around 150 lbs, the Grizzly G8689 offers stability and rigidity like no other machine in its range. 

The Grizzly G8689 can chew through any task you throw at it. With up to ½” drilling, ½“ end mills, and 1” facing, this machine is made for milling even the most complicated parts. The machine also offers unique features such as variable speed control and gear drive, making it one of the most efficient machines out there.

Moreover, the Grizzly G8689 also comes with a safety shut-off switch, adjustable depth slot, fine feed head control, rubber chip guards, and two T-nuts.

Not to mention, this is also one of the most accurate milling machines in the market, beating all the other mills on the list. And since it is heavy and sturdy, converting it into CNC is relatively straightforward and easy. 

Proxxon Micro Mill MF70-37110

The Proxxon Micro Mill MF70-37710 is a small mill with powerful features and capabilities. It’s an affordable mill that possesses an impressive spindle speed rate and a sturdy frame.

While it’s only ⅛ HP, the machine offers a spindle speed range between 5000 – 20000 RPM. It’s an excellent range for milling wood and aluminum. 

Like the Grizzly mill on the list, the Proxxon has adjustable dovetails, making it an excellent option for DIY projects that require interlocking joints. 

The MF70 only weighs around 15 lbs, which makes it one of the most portable machines on the list. But that also makes it difficult for CNC conversion. However, some manufacturers do provide mill conversion kit for the machine, and with careful assembly, you can transform it into CNC.

The frame is made out of stainless steel, which means the machine should last a few years with moderate wear and tear. 

Proxxon Micro MF70 has several things going for it. It is affordable, offers the fastest spindle speed on the list, and is incredibly sturdy despite being lightweight. 

If you are short on budget and want the maximum value for your money, go with the Proxxon Micro Mill MF70. 

Grizzly G0704 Benchtop Mill

The Grizzly G0704 is one of the most reliable and durable mills on the list. It has long been serving small-scale machinists and hobbyists for a variety of milling tasks. 

It is also lighter in weight (342 lbs) compared to other benchtop mills of this size, which makes it easier to move around. Not to mention, the lighter weight also comes in handy during the conversion process. 

With its 1HP-12A motor, the Grizzly G0704 can cut through any milling task. It can tackle materials like steel, aluminum, bronze, and cast iron. 

Moreover, the machine also comes with a cast-iron dovetail column, which simplifies the attachment and detachment of the head. It also smoothens the transition between low and high-positioned works. 

If you are looking for a reliable milling machine that can be easily converted into CNC, you can’t go wrong with the Grizzly G0704. Not to mention, there are a lot of forums on the internet that offer detailed information about converting the G0704 into CNC. So, you can rest assured that you will have enough resources by your side when you finally decide to flip the switch. 

WEN 33075 Benchtop Mill

The WEN 33075 Benchtop Mill is one of the most versatile machines on the list. With the 16-inch swing tool, you can create flat surfaces, straight holes, angled edges, slots, pockets, contours, and more. There is also an R8 taper which helps with incompatibility with a range of tools. 

Powered by an 11-amp motor, the WEN 33075 provides up to ¾-inch drilling capacity, a ⅝-inch milling capacity, and a 2-inch face milling capacity.

The spindle can reach up to 200 RPM, and the best thing is that it will display the current speed on an OLED monitor for maximum control and accuracy. 

The WEN 33075 is designed to give you as much flexibility and power you need in a more diminutive form. The mill is also compatible with a wide range of materials, including metal, wood, and plastic. 

There is also a rubber cover to help protect the machine and minimize cleanup. The WEN 33075 offers industry-level milling capability in a robust design. 

Some Important Things to Consider Before You Buy a Benchtop Mill 

#1. You should look for product quality and features more than the brand

When looking to buy a milling machine, one is naturally inclined toward the big names on the market. 

But is that the right approach for buying your ideal mill? 

Certainly not. 

You see, it is entirely possible for the mills from leading brand names to be not optimum for your needs, and vice versa. 

For instance, while most of the market-leading manufacturers live up to their name, others might be cutting corners to reduce manufacturing costs. As such, you might face issues like poor material quality, motors incapable of generating enough power, and more. 

Similarly, some of the small-scale producers of milling machines aren’t capable of producing high-precision mills. So, from lower tolerances to low-end lead screws to slipshod machining, a lack of basic machining qualities is commonplace on such machines. 

Then how to choose your milling machine, you might wonder? 

Well, we suggest you look for features rather than the brand name. For instance, if a machine has high tolerance, powerful motors, good build quality, etc., then you should definitely consider it for your workshop. 

Also, checking the milling machine for compatibility with CNC conversion kits is a prerequisite. After all, you want to convert your mill for CNC machining. 

#2. Your machine should have the right balance of speed and torque

You will find information on the internet suggesting that mills with high machining speeds are apt for workshops. And even though high speed is required to machine some materials, it isn’t always the case. 

In fact, what many machine enthusiasts miss out on is torque, which is as important as the speed of the spindle motor. 

If there’s something you’d want to avoid the most while machining a piece, it’ll surely be the stalling of the motor. However, you risk exactly that when working on a low-torque mill machine. 

And that is exactly why you should go for a mill that has not only high spindle speed but also a high torque motor. 

Not to mention, machining heavy metals like steel does need high torque. 

Almost every mill machinist wants to work on steel workpieces. And despite the fact that high-speed spindles can cut, drill, or shape aluminum pieces quite effectively when it comes to steel, you’ll need high torque. 

#3. The size of the machine is an important factor 

For a benchtop mill to be robust enough to optimally machine metals and other materials, it should have a certain size. 

In recent times, small-sized desktop mills occupying the least space in a workshop have gained popularity. 

Though these machines are handy when creating miniature prototypes or working on soft materials, you simply can’t use them for larger milling projects. That’s because drilling or cutting materials like steel call for great power and force, something you can’t expect from the smaller mills. 

And while some of these small machines can mill softer metals like aluminum, poor machining quality is a constant on all of them. 

So you should always go for a large mill with a solid build quality that can also fit into your workshop. 

Such a machine, apart from providing you with the necessary machining force, will even help you mill the parts with precision. 

#4. Figure out your exact requirement before deciding between horizontal and vertical mills 

The poplar milling machine types are divided into two categories based on their functionality, namely horizontal and vertical mills. And the debate as to which one is more apt for modern-day mills is never-ending. 

Before you decide on which mill type to buy, it’s important to understand the basics of both mills. 

A horizontal mill has cutting tools positioned linearly to the work table. And that makes them ideal for long cuts like squaring or slotting a material. 

Also, these mill machines have a rigid frame that allows them to undertake milling operations. 

A vertical mill, at the same time, has a spindle vertical to the worktable. 

A tiling spindle on vertical mills makes them suitable for machining of all kinds. Nonetheless, it’s worth noting that they can perform lighter machining tasks compared to horizontal mills. 

Meaning, before you choose between horizontal and vertical mills, you should definitely weigh in your exact machining requirements. 

Bonus tips: 

1. You should consider the travel dimensions of the spindle, as more flexibility in terms of travel will allow for greater diversity in parts production. 
2. Go for a manufacturer that can provide machine parts and accessories in the future since you’ll need them for maintenance as your machine ages. 
3. When buying a used mill, it’s essential to check whether or not it can perform the required operations optimally. 

Benchtop milling machines: FAQs 

#1. What is a benchtop mill? 

As the name suggests, a benchtop mill is one which is placed on a table and performs functions like milling and drilling. 

You see, a milling machine has become synonymous with manufacturing. So it isn’t surprising why most industries and manufacturing units, notwithstanding their size, have at least one dedicated milling machine. 

However, these industrial-grade mills can be too big and equally expensive for smaller workshops. And that’s where a benchtop milling machine enters the scene. 

The compact-sized benchtop mills are powerful and budget-friendly, too, thus providing small machine shops with milling capability. 

#2. What parts does a milling machine consist of? 

While mill machines can be of various types and have different components, they all have some common parts critical to perform the basic functions. And that includes the following: 

• Base 
• Column 
• Motor 
• Spindle 
• Worktable 
• Machine head 
• Monitor 
• Swivel 

#3. Is it worthwhile to buy a CNC conversion kit for your benchtop mill? 

A CNC milling machine offers you unmatched capacities compared to its manual counterparts. In fact, if you’re looking to produce highly precise parts, increase scalability, reduce manufacturing time, and obtain efficiency, there’s nothing close to CNC mills. 

With a CNC conversion kit, you can easily and quickly convert your manual machine into a CNC milling machine. 

Not to mention, CNC kits are a cost-efficient alternative to buying a fully-fledged CNC mill. 

#4. How much does CNC conversion cost? 

When compared to buying a brand new CNC machine, a CNC conversion project is very affordable. 

The most basic component you’ll need for a CNC conversion project is a conversion kit. And that’s something you can get for as little as $700. 

Further, even if you seek the services of a CNC conversion expert, you can still get your mill converted to CNC for well under $1000. 

Conclusion

These are our choice for the best benchtop mills that can be converted into CNC. These are also some of the best mills in the market, which means you can use them for years before finally deciding to convert. 

CNC conversion using mill conversion kit is one of the most affordable ways to have access to computerized machining. And with a CNC machine by your side, you can save time and effort and still improve production. 

You can transform your old mills, lathes, routers, and drills using a mill conversion kit. If you are looking for CNC conversion kits, you can reach out to us. 

We can help you transform your old machines into faster, more efficient, and more powerful machines. You can get your production rate and value through the roof with a CNC machine by your side.  

We can also build turn-key machines for you and deliver them to your doorstep. Turn-key machines are when we buy a machine of your choice, convert it into CNC, and deliver it to your doorstep. All you have to do is turn the power on and get machining. 

So, whether you need a mill conversion kit or a full-fledged converted machine, we have you sorted. 

CNC control packages have evolved significantly in the last ten years. 

Earlier, industrial CNC controllers were the only choice available. However, with more hobbyists and small-scale machinists taking over production tasks, CNC controllers have evolved to simplify the hobby CNC space.

Many features available in industry-grade CNC control packages are now finding their way in CNC controllers for hobbyists.

In this article, we will review the best CNC control packages in 2022.

But before we get into that, let’s first understand what CNC controllers are and how do they work. This will help you better understand your machine and find the right controller for it. 

What are CNC Control Packages?

CNC stands for Computer Numerical Control, which only goes on to say that controlling is one of the primary functions of the machine. A CNC controller could be called the brain of the CNC machine. It is where the information gets in and is transformed into meaningful results.

A CNC controller connects the CNC machine with a computer, allowing you to put the desired data into the computer and get the machine to materialize something out of it. 

For instance, the brain receives and interprets external stimuli through sensory signals. Similarly, a CNC controller interprets signals from a computer and passes them to the machine to function specifically.

A CNC controller uses G-code to send the signals to the machine’s motors, getting it to perform certain tasks. 

CNC controllers can be broken down into two basic parts: the physical board and its software. Different controllers come with different software. Some manufacturers offer proprietary software with their controllers, while others come with third-party software. 

CNC controllers serve three main functions:

Axis Control: CNC controllers can control several axes at the same time, allowing for seamless machining.

Interpretation: CNC controllers also interpret the signal sent from the computer and translate them into signals that the machine understands.

Interpolation: Interpolation is the governing factor that actuates the movement of the trajectory. A CNC controller matches the data sent by the computer with the machining speed and accuracy. 

Types of CNC Controllers

CNC control packages can vary depending on the industry and the nature of the application. Broadly speaking, you can categorize them into three types:

Motion Control

Motion control is the most basic form of a CNC machine. A CNC controller helps provide automatic, precise, and consistent motion control in CNC machines. Each CNC machine comes with at least two directions of motion: the X and Y-axis. 

Generally speaking, CNC controllers determine the motion type (rapid, linear, circular), the axes to move, amount of motion, and motion rate using the signals from the computer.

Loop Control

These CNC controllers loop mechanisms to execute certain tasks. These types of controllers can further be classified into open-loop and closed-loop systems. In an open-loop control system, the controller transmits the signals through the input device. In a closed-loop control system, the system also collects feedback from the control system.

Axis Control

Axis control CNC controllers are designed specially to control various axis movements in the machine. These CNC controllers come in various configurations from two-axis (X and Y) to 5 axes (X, Y, Z, A, and B). 

Microcontrollers

Microcontrollers are self-sufficient controllers. They are tiny controllers with a small circuit board that run without a computer. These controllers are also known as plug-and-play because you can practically plug them in and out of your machine any time you want without having to shut down anything. 

There are also CNC retrofit controllers, which are used to convert manual machines into CNC.

Now that we have learned about the CNC controllers and their type, let’s take a look at the best CNC controllers in 2022:

#1. Centroid Acorn (Best for CNC Conversion)

Centroid Acorn offers industry-level controls and features at a hobbyist price range. It runs on all types of CNC machines and connects with a computer through an ethernet connection.

It is one of the most popular CNC controllers among hobbyists and small-scale machinists. Part of the reason for their popularity is that they can save you a lot of money by transforming your old machine into CNC. 

In fact, Centroid claims that you will be able to save more than 50% on an Acorn control compared to buying a CNC machine.

The Centroid Acorn comes with a Beaglebone green motion control CPU. Similar to Raspberry Pi, the Acorn is an open-source single-board computer allowing for CNC machining without the help of a computer.

Acorn uses Centroid’s proprietary AcornCNC12 software. It is optimized for retrofitting, gets regular updates, and comes free with the controller (base version limited to 50kb g-code files).

Centroid’s Acorn has an active and lively user community, which can help you eliminate any doubts about the controller and streamline your machining process. Not to mention, Centroid also offers phone support for Acorn. So, you can check and make basic changes to the program right from your phone.

#2. WixHC Mach4 

The Mach4 comes as an upgrade over the Mach3. It comes with a complete rewrite, containing only 1% of the codes from Mach3.

If you are a hobbyist looking for an affordable machining, the WixHC Mach4 could be a great option. It is flexible and can be adaptable to large files. 

You can use Mach4 to run a wide range of CNC machines, including lathes, routers, plasma cutters, and 3D printers.

The controller can also support up to 6-axis machining and offers up to 2000KHz step pulse frequency. Mach4 is great for stable, powerful, and accurate machining. 

Besides the usual features, the Mach4 also comes with LED to indicate the status of the USB connection. What’s more? It’s hot-swappable, allowing you to connect and disconnect without shutting down your computer. 

If you are seriously thinking of expanding your shop and improving your production, Mach4 will not disappoint you.

#3. Mesa 7I76E

This one is for the fan of LinuxCNC. If you find Linux OS the best alternative for CNC machining, the Mesa 7I76E is right up your alley.

The controller connects to your computer through the ethernet cable and controls stepper and servo motors on up to 5 axes.

LinuxCNC is one of the most popular CNC software out there, besides Mach3 and Mach4. But unlike those two, LinuxCNC is open-source and can be integrated with third-party extensions.

You can use LinuxCNC on Mesa7I76E to run mills, lathes, plasma cutters, drills, etc. Some of the most outstanding advantages of LinuxCNC are its flexibility, robustness, reliability, performance, and active user experience. 

One thing to note about Mesa 7I76E and LinuxCNC is that it has a steep learning curve and might take some getting used to.

However, once you get the hang of it, the Mesa 7I76E offers some breakthrough possibilities with machining. 

#4. Buildbotics

Buildbotic CNC controllers are one of the most advanced open-source controllers. It comes with a built-in web interface and a faster G-code processor. 

It can drive up to 4 stepper motors and a range of tools, including spindles, laser cutters, and plasma torches.

The Buildbotics controller is also plug-and-play, which means you can simply plug it into your computer and start working.

Running on raspberry pi, the Buildbotics offers some unique advantages over its peers. For one, you can use the raspberry pi inside to connect the controller with the computer over WiFi and ethernet.

With open-source software, you can rest assured that your CNC controller will remain up to date over the years, unlike brands that ship with proprietary software.

You can connect your Buildbotics controller with a keyboard, monitor, and mouse and use it as a computer. 

The Buildbotics might come as an expensive option. Nevertheless, it is one of the few controllers that ship with stepper drivers, which pretty much covers up the cost.

There is a wired gamepad included with the package as well. You can use it to move the machine around easily and intuitively. 

All in all, Buildbotics is a great option if you are looking for something powerful and versatile. It will amp up your production, improve your production value, and give you space to experiment with your process.

#5. Masso G3 

From the up-and-coming Australian CNC manufacturer, the Masso G3 is a high-grade controller that is easy to set up and easier to use.

It requires firmware from USB that you can download from the Masso CNC website. You can set up your Masso G3 with stepper motors, spindle, speed, and acceleration with ease.

Like a few other controllers mentioned here, the Masso G3 does not require a PC to run and can control up to 5-axis CNC. If you have a 3-axis Masso G3 and you need to upgrade to a 5-axis, you can do so by paying an extra fee.

The best part about the upgrade is that it happens over a software update, which means you don’t have to integrate additional hardware to upgrade your machining.

You can use the Masso G3 to run CNC mills, lathes, and plasma cutters. The hardware remains the same for all machining types, but the software differs.

For offline operations, Masso offers a handheld MPG (manual pulse generator), which you can use to move the CNC in any of the five directions, control feed override, and spindle override. 

#6. Fafeicy Mach3

One of the most popular CNC controllers among hobbyists, the Mach3 remains the go-to choice thanks to its versatility and affordability.

While Mach4 has been out and about for a while now, many hobbyists still find themselves going back to its predecessor. It comes with a variety of features, including a customizable interface, visual g-code display, and “mini programs” that anyone can write to streamline the machining process.

The Faceify Mach3 also offers a variety of functions such as automatic probing, emergency input, and limit switch. 

You can use the Mach3 to work on 4-axis machining, which is one of the best features a hobbyist machinist could ask from you. Not to mention, both the hardware and software support almost all types of CNC machines with a maximum pulse rate frequency of 110KHz.

Faceify Mach3 is also one of the best-rated CNC controllers out there and offers comprehensive community support. 

Conclusion

We hope this article helped you understand more about CNC control packages and how to choose them. CNC controllers are the brains of your CNC machine. Therefore, you must be very careful while choosing one for you.

Most of what you should look for in a CNC controller is its versatility, ease of use, axis support, and included features. For hobbyist machinists, a CNC controller capable of churning out 110KHz frequency is enough.

You can also look for the retrofitting CNC control packages if you are looking to convert your old machine into CNC. You can reach out to us to learn more about CNC conversion.

In fact, if you are looking to transform your old mills, lathes, drill, grinder, router, or other machines into high-performance machines, CNC conversion is the only affordable option. 

CNC conversion will provide the same features as you would expect from a full-fledged CNC machine. 

You can let us know what kind of machine you work on and whether a CNC conversion seems the right way to move to automation. And we will help you find the best CNC conversion kit for your unique requirements.

Better yet, we will build a turn-key CNC machine for you from scratch and deliver it to your doorstep.

So, while you are on the lookout for CNC controllers, look for those that work with CNC conversion. We promise you will not be disappointed. 

Thanks for reading. 

As CNC conversion kits are allowing for more affordable CNC machining, manual machinists have the same question on their minds: “How do I become a CNC operator?”

If you have been wondering the same, this article is for you.

This piece of content will discuss what CNC machining is, how it is different from manual machining, and how you can become a CNC machinist.

So, without further ado, let’s get into it:

What is CNC Machining?

First off, let’s learn about CNC machines so you can better understand how to become a CNC operator. 

CNC stands for Computer Numerical Control, which means computer-controlled system. 

A CNC machine is, therefore, a computer-controlled machine.

When you work with a manual machine, most of the work you do is…well, manual.

You have to get your hands dirty.

You have to take the measurements, tune the machine, and set the pressure to get anything out of it.

With a CNC machine, you can say goodbye to most of these extra steps and get to machining in a matter of seconds. 

A CNC machine works with a computer. You only have to put in the design through software, and the machine will do the rest for you.

So, all in all, CNC machining is the process of manufacturing using pre-programmed computer software to dictate the movement of the machinery. 

In contrast to manual machining, CNC machining is superior. 

For instance, manual machining requires live operators to guide the machine via levers, buttons, and wheels. 

Not to mention, manual machining is also slow and less productive, and efficient. 

However, operating CNC machines is not easy.

CNC machines are the backbone of the American production industry. 

These machines shape, cut, and finish raw materials like metal, rubber, and plastic into usable components. 

A lot goes inside a CNC machine, and an operator has to know and understand all of it.

CNC machines are complex, and one must operate them with calibration and precision. 

In fact, sometimes it takes a lot of people to keep these machines running smoothly. 

So, yes, CNC machines can be a faster, more efficient, and convenient option for machining, but they require some expertise to operate. 

To better understand this, we will specify the difference between manual machining and CNC machining.

How is CNC Machining Different from Manual Machining?

Generally speaking, it is very easy to differentiate between a CNC machine and a manual mill/lathe/router.

A CNC machine is computer operated while a manual machine requires manual labor.

However, the differences don’t end here.

CNC machines are more versatile and robust than manual machines, which means they can last longer than an average manual mill/lathe/router. 

They are also safer and more accurate in terms when it comes to cutting, shaping, and finishing.

Moreover, CNC machines are more affordable than manual machines in terms of overall costs. 

Not to mention, regardless of the industry you work in, a CNC machine will make your projects easier. 

CNC machines play a vital role in production and design, from consumer electronics to the automobile industry.

However, we are not undermining manual machines in any way.

If you are a small-scale or hobbyist machinist, chances are you have been using manual machines for quite a while.

And you know how valuable those machines can be. 

The advent of CNC conversion kits has also made it possible for many machinists to transform their old machines into new, automated ones.

But we must clarify that operating a converted CNC machine is not the same as operating a full-fledged 

What does a CNC Machinist Do? 

As a CNC machinist, the first thing you are supposed to do is make sure the equipment is set up correctly.

You will also have to check up on various parts of the machines and ensure everything is in sync.

You must keep an eye on the stock, capacity, and maintenance.

There are several jobs that you can be assigned as a CNC operator.

Depending on the type of job, you will either work on the mechanics or the programming.

You might also have to work on many different machines or stay in charge of a single, complicated machine.

As a CNC operator, you will be working in a factory environment. 

You can work regular hours and choose to do overtime for extra compensation.

Your job description might also change depending on the amount of experience you have in the industry.

Moreover, you will have to work with other industrial and engineering staff, including CNC programmers and mechanics, to keep the machine working efficiently.

How to Become a CNC Operator?

CNC machining is quite complicated and therefore requires technical expertise. 

If you are looking to work as a CNC operator, you must have a graduation degree or a GED.

Once you have completed your graduation, you can pick up on CNC skills and work on them over the years.

Educational programs for CNC machining involve a lot of subjects, including math, engineering, computer, technology, and designing (CAD/CAM).

You can improve your chances by getting a degree in any of these niches.

There are a bunch of universities out there that offer courses in a myriad of CNC-related subjects.

However, it is better to think of it in terms of practical experience instead of degrees and certifications.

While your degree will undoubtedly provide you with a platform, it is only after you work with CNC machines that you will get better.

Many of the programs will have you working internships to gain practical knowledge. 

Even a few companies offer training programs to new machinists.

In the meantime, you should consider checking out blogs, magazines, videos, and other educational mediums on CNC machining.

Stay up to date with the latest technologies in the industry and keep learning about CNC machines and their mechanics. 

The learning doesn’t stop after certification, internship, or even a job. Instead, you will need to keep learning and gaining practical experience as much as you can.

Conclusion

We hope this content helped you get some idea about how to become a CNC operator. CNC machining is challenging as well as exciting. You need to be attentive, a technical expert, a problem-solver, and you have to love creating things to become a good CNC machinist.

If you think you are up to the mark, get started as soon as you can. 

When we hear about CNC software for hobbyists, we get excited. 

CNC machining, which is largely a large-scale production process, seldom caters to hobbyists and small-scale machinists. 

We are here to change that. 

The term ‘CNC software’ sounds like something out of a science fiction movie. Nevertheless, this word pops up every now and then in the field of CNC machining.

If you are starting out in CNC machining, chances are you are not quite familiar with CNC software and how it works. 

And if you want to be a master machinist, you have to learn to operate the software that most CNC machines come with.

What is CNC Software?

A CNC software is a set of codes and instructions that control the physical movement of the machines. 

CNC software is used to control a number of CNC machines including mills, lathes, routers, drill machines, plasma cutters, and electric discharge machines. 

A CNC software not only eliminates the need for manual labor, it also makes the machining process more accurate, efficient, and fast. 

Moreover, it is easier and more convenient to produce complicated shapes using CNC software. 

CNC machines use two types of software: CAD and CAM.

CAD stands or Computer Aided Design and CAM stands for Computer Aided Manufacturing. 

How Does CNC Software Work?

You use CAM to create 2D drawings of 3D models of the part that you want to create. 

After finalizing the design or model, you transfer it to CAM software.

In turn, CAM generates a tool path through which the tip of the cutting tool will travel and converts the path into a set of simple programming language instructions.

The most common programming language used in CNC machining is G-Code 

CNC software interprets the G-Code and sets a series of numbered, sequential instructions for the machine to follow. 

The machine then follows the instructions and produces an accurate physical representation of the drawing or model. 

CNC software also allows you to bring your imaginations to life. Anything you can design on CAD, you can create using the right CNC software and machine. 

Now that we have understood what CNC software is and how it works, let’s take a look at the best CNC software available in the market:

The Best CNC Software and Which One Should You Choose

CNC machining involves four main types of software. These include:

Computer-Aided Designing (CAD) software for creating 2D, 2.5D and 3D designs.

Computer-Aided Machining (CAM) software for converting the design into G-Code.

Control Software to read the G-Code and create signals to control the stepper motors.

Stimulation Software to read the G-Code and predict errors that might come up during the machining process.

However, these software programs are not limited to the above-mentioned tasks. Many of these software programs can perform more than one function.

You can dedicate software for each of these functions or you can get a comprehensive package that comes with all the software in one. 

Some of the CNC software available in the market is also free of cost.

However, should you get free software to run your CNC machine? That’s a topic for another time. 

Let’s first take a look at some of the best CNC software for hobbyists:

Easel Software

The Easel software from Inventables is a truly all-in-one CNC software that lets you run CAD, CAM, and Control all in one place.

Using Easel, you can create designs, convert them to G-Codes, and have your machine bring the designs to life without ever resorting to another software.

You can simply run Easel on Windows and MacOS as it does not require you to install any additional software.

Easel is easy to understand and does not require any prior CAD/CAM experience on your side. 

Easel is currently priced at $20 a month. However, if you are getting the yearly subscription, you can get it for as low as $13 a month. 

Easel has a wide user base and an active community so you know you will get the support at Inventables community support.

Moreover, there are thousands of YouTube videos, blogs, and free tutorials available that you can get back to if you feel stuck.

Fusion 360

Fusion 360 is another all-in-one CNC software that unifies design, engineering, electronics, and manufacturing in one platform. 

It is a cloud-based CAD, CAM, 3D modelling, CAE, and PCB software that can help you design and manufacture products with ease. 

Fusion 360 is one of the best CNC software for hobbyists as it is both powerful and easy to use.

It comes with a huge resource of information and tutorials to get you started with the software. 

It approaches the product design with a mechanical engineering perspective instead of an artistic or sculpting perspective, which makes it  one of the most efficient and technically sound options available. 

Fusion 360 subscription starts at $40 per month. You can also get a one month trial period so you can learn the software and see if it goes well with your machining process.

Not unlike Easel,  you can find a  rich and resourceful community with Fusion 360. 

You can find extensive support for Fusion 360 through YouTube tutorials and through official and unofficial forums. 

Fusion 360 runs on both Windows and MacOS platforms.

Carbide Create

Carbide Create is another great CNC software for hobbyists.

It offers CAM, CAD, G-Code sender, and Stimulation program in one platform. 

Carbide 3D is the parent company of Carbide Create. They also made the famous Shapeoko CNC machine, which means the Carbide 3D was created around the needs of hobbyists. 

It is also an extremely convenient software. You can get started with it without any previous CAD/CAM experiences. 

Carbide Create is also free and runs on both Windows and MacOS platforms, making it one of the most obvious choices for CNC software.

If there is one drawback with Carbide Create, it is that it is not cloud-based. 

According to the developers of the software, cloud-based software can be insecure and unavailable. They don’t want the users to feel locked-in into a vendor.

That’s why Carbide Create is a fully downloaded software that is for you to keep and run as you please, once you have downloaded it on your PC.

Conclusion

There are a lot of CNC software for hobbyists out there. If you research properly you might find the one specially suited for your unique requirements. 

These software programs help you streamline the machining process and fasten the productivity.

Moreover, these programs are also built to cater to the hobbyists, which means they offer simple and easy to follow UI that does not require any learning curve. 

The three software programs we mentioned here are the best-in-class, all-inclusive programs.

You can use these programs to create unique designs, convert them into G-Codes, and send the data to your machine to bring your designs to life.

If you want separate software for designing, converting into G-Codes, controlling the stepper motors, and predicting potential errors, you can do so too.

However, keep in mind that separate software programs cost a fortune and might not work in sync with each other. Some software programs need some kind of tweaking to work with other programs. 

We have carefully selected two paid and one unpaid programs to help you narrow down your choices. 

So, check them out and see if these programs will work with you or not.

In the meantime, if you are in need of high-quality CNC conversion kits to transform your old mills, lathes, routers  into modern, efficient machines, you can reach out to us. 

CNC Conversion Plus has been designing and automating machines for the last 40 years.

We have the expertise in converting manual machines into CNC as well as preparing modified CNC machines on demand. 

 We also build a turn-key CNC machine for you from scratch.

What are turn-key machines? 

Turn-key machines are ready to use CNC machines that we build according to your choice. 

We pick the machine of your choice, convert it into CNC, and deliver it to your doorstep so you don’t have to do any legwork.

Hope this article helped you make the right decision. 

If you have any questions, you can reach out to us and we will provide you sufficient solution as soon as possible. 

A CNC mills and a CNC router are often confused with each other but they are not the same.

To an untrained user, the CNC mill and CNC router might look the same.

Nevertheless, an expert machinist can identify the significant differences between these two machines.

While both the machines are computer-controlled, they differ on some key aspects.

For the uninitiated, CNC routers usually come with a larger cutting area. These machines have a gantry style design and are generally used for milling non-metals.

CNC mills, on the other hand, come with a relatively smaller cutting area. They have a C-frame style design and we use them to mill metals.

This article will dive a bit deeper into the differences between a CNC mill and a CNC router.

But first, let’s understand what a CNC mill and a CNC router are.

CNC Mill

CNC mills are machine-operated cutting tools that run on computer programs to remove materials from a workpiece. 

Machinists use CNC mills to design a specific part or product with the help of Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software.

These machines usually come with a main spindle and three-linear-axes. 

Some advanced CNC mills may have 4-5 axes for more accurate machining.

CNC Router

CNC routers are similar to CNC mills in terms of their functionalities and movements. 

Some CNC routers can perform almost all the tasks a CNC mill can perform.

Machinists mainly use CNC routers to cut, engrave, and carve objects out of a wooden workpiece. 

CNC routers vary in build and configuration, with some having more axes to make machining more efficient and faster. 

CNC Router vs. CNC Mill: The Difference

CNC mills and CNC routers differ on the following fronts:

Design

CNC routers come in a range of materials. We use plywood, plastic, aluminum, and steel to make CNC routers.

Depending on the material, the rigidity and robustness of the machine also change.

However, with the material, the cost of the machine will also change.

Usually, CNC routers come with gantry style design.

The gantry moves in the Y-axis, and the spindle moves in the X-direction. 

The gantry frame in a CNC router must be light enough so steppers motors can move it around. 

CNC mills are much sturdier and heavier compared to CNC routers.

Typically, CNC mills are made of steel and aluminum.

More advanced CNC mills use either cast iron or stainless steel.

Despite the heavier weight and more substantial structure, CNC mills are smaller in surface area.

Since CNC mills are heavier in weight, assembling one requires an engine hoist.

Cutting Area

CNC routers have a larger cutting area compared to CNC mills.

Since CNC routers mill wood and other non-metal materials, they need a larger cutting area and beds.

On the other hand, CNC mills work on thick metal stocks, so they need concentrated milling, and thus a smaller cutting area.

The smaller travel also aids in the overall rigidity of the machine.

Z-axis Travel

Another distinct difference between a CNC mill and a CNC router is the Z-axis travel on them.

CNC routers don’t make deep cuts, and thus they have smaller Z-axis travel.

CNC mills have larger Z-axis travel because we use them to make deep cuts.

CNC mills also have large X and Y-axis travel and low Z-axis height.

Spindle Speed

Since machinists use CNC routers to cut through softer materials, they come with high-speed spindles to cut through these materials efficiently. 

CNC routers can move the spindle from 10,000 RPM to 30,000 RPM. 

The spindles in CNC mills run at lower RPMs with high torque. 

The RPM on a CNC mill can range from 1000 to 15000.

Materials

As we mentioned earlier, machinists use CNC routers to cut through softer materials. 

However, you can mill steel on a CNC router if you use the settings correctly.

We don’t typically use CNC routers for machining metals

Machinists use CNC mills to work on metal workpieces and other harder objects.

Accuracy

CNC routers work on non-metals; therefore, their accuracy is lower compared to CNC mills. 

Woodworking does not require the machinist to be exactly accurate. A little bit of leeway in measurement does not drastically affect woodworking.

On the other hand, metalworking requires the exact same measurements; therefore, CNC mills need to be precise.

Conclusion

All in all, a CNC router is a computer-operated machine that you can use to work on wood, plastic, fiber, and other non-metal objects.

CNC mill is a computer-operated mill that you can use on heavy-duty materials such as steel, iron, and other types of metal.

Both the machines also differ in cost, but we didn’t get into that.

Because, in our opinion, converting an old machine into CNC is a more affordable and efficient way to practice your machining skills.

If you are looking for a pocket-friendly way to elevate your machining skills using a CNC machine, a CNC conversion is your best bet. 

At CNC Conversion Plus, we have 40 years of experience in designing and automating machines. 

We also provide turnkey machines. 

What’s that? 

We purchase your choice of machine for you, modify it according to your recommendations, and deliver it to your address.

So, if you are thinking of honing your machining skills on a CNC machine, we advise that you let us convert your old machine at half the cost.

You get the same efficiency, power, and accuracy without burning a hole in your pocket. 

Sometimes a solution can be a problem. Or so is the story of backlash in CNC machining or machining in general. 

Backlash is the space between adjoining gear teeth.

This space exists to allow the gear mesh without jamming. 

And to allow lubrication. 

So, the backlash is the solution to keep the machines from jamming. 

The more the amount of backlash, the less likely the machine is to jam.

And, unfortunately, also the less likely the machine is to be error-free.

This space also causes the machine to be inaccurate and unresponsive, increasing wear as loose-fitting moving parts collide together.  

When the gears are pushing to one side, there is a small clearance in the opposite direction. 

When you push the gear to the other side, they have to travel this tiny space before they come in contact with touching the other side.

While machining, a lot of gears are working together to perform the functions.

So, while moving the machine one way would be fine. 

Getting it to move in the other direction would be a bit delayed.

And thus, backlash causes inaccuracy and inefficiency.

Backlash is also present in screws, nut bolts, or any mechanical system where the driving member does not connect to the load. 

What is Backlash in CNC Machining?

Some sort of backlash also exists in CNC machines, especially in converted CNC machines.

Backlash in CNC is especially alarming. 

Even the most closed-loop system can’t detect if the axis hasn’t moved even though the motor has.

Generally speaking, backlash causes even CNC machines to perform poorly and inaccurately, especially the converted ones.

Besides the ‘clearance’ between gears, backlash can also be caused by loosening or deforming mechanical parts.

Most often than not, you can reduce backlash in CNC-converted machines by replacing lead screws with ball screws.

The fundamental difference between lead screws and ball screws is that a ball screw uses a ball bearing to eliminate friction, and lead screws do not.

Generally, ball screws are better suited for cnc operations. Ball screws allow smooth motion, efficiency, accuracy, precision, and prolonged continuous high-speed movement. 

Lead screws, on the other hand, are made for more straightforward transfer applications that doesn’t require speed, accuracy, precision, efficiency, and rigidity.

All in all, ball screws are better suited for CNC machining as they are more reliable and accurate. (more on this later)

Compensating Backlash

Most manual machinists tend to compensate for backlash by covering up the ‘clearance’ on the handwheels. 

All you need to do is make sure to feed enough in the direction you will be cutting to take up all the backlash.

Some machine control software such as Mach 3 performs the same routine. 

However, a machine can only guess and is, therefore, less efficient in compensating for backlash.

Most software relies on the operator to tell them how much backlash is present. 

And with a CNC machine, it is pretty difficult to gauge precisely how much backlash is present as it can vary as your lead screws wear or your machine needs repairing.

Compensating for backlash can be helpful with lathes as they have limited movement.

Some g-codes force the motion to compensate for the backlash if you are concerned about accuracy.

Finding the Source of Backlash

As we already mentioned, most likely, the majority of backlash is coming from the lead screws.

Lead screws have weaker nuts that tend to wear off faster than the screws. 

Moreover, if you tighten a nut to eliminate backlash, it can cause too much friction.

There are other causes for backlash too. But lead screws are the most common. 

Therefore, you must first consider replacing the lead screws in your machine to reduce backlash.

One of the most common alternatives for lead screws is ball screws.

The nut in the ball screw uses recirculating ball bearing, which helps in reducing friction and increasing tightening tolerance. 

There are two types of ball screws: ground and rolled, with the latter being more accurate and backlash-free. 

Some other sources of backlash can include:

• Motor drive mechanism
• Slideways and or Gibs
• Machine Flexure and Rigidity

Reducing Backlash

There are two ways you can reduce backlash in a CNC machine: software compensation and hardware compensation.

On the software side, you can use your machine’s control unit to adjust the amount of backlash compensation for the three axes. 

On the hardware side, you can either install an anti-backlash nut assembly on the lead screws or replace the lead screws altogether with ball screws.

If you identify the backlash from other sources such as Gibs and Machine Flexure, try lubricating the parts to avoid unnecessary friction.

In fact, lubrication should be an inherent part of machining. 

If possible, invest in an automatic oiler to lubricate all the parts of the machine in one go.

If the problem persists, you might have to have your machine checked out by a specialist.

Adjusting your gibs is a daunting task that is better left to experts.  If not done properly, it can deal some irrevocable damage to your machine.

Same with machine flexure and rigidity issues. 

Typically 0.005” to 0.007” backlash per axis is acceptable on a CNC machine.

You can use software and hardware compensation to reduce the backlash to zero. However, you should avoid being obsessed with completely eliminating it from your machine. 

As we mentioned at the beginning of this article, a little backlash is essential to allow thermal expansion and contraction, debris extraction, and lubrication.

Be sure to keep checking your machine every 3-4 months to verify the anti-backlash system you installed is working correctly. 

If you find any minor backlash increment, you can reduce it using the CNC control software. 

Conclusion

CNC Conversion Plus has been designing and automating machines for the last 40 years. We have the expertise in converting manual machines into CNC as well as preparing modified CNC machines on demand. 

When we design your CNC machines, we make sure to consider every little aspect of machining. So you get high-performance, smooth CNC machines that can serve you for years.

We make sure all our CNC machines are backlash-free and accurate, so you don’t have to go around making any sort of adjustments.

We prepare our machines with quality electronic and hardware components, giving you the optimum CNC machining experience.

If you are looking for CNC machines with optimized backlash and performance, think of CNC Conversion Plus. 

Machining is not easy but it can be with CNC conversion kits. 

Let’s see for example.

You have to consider many factors before you even turn on your mill, lathe, or grinder. 

Some of these factors have become a daily task for you. 

For instance, taking appropriate measures, doing the math, taking enough time out of your day for the task to complete, and so on.

Other factors are a bit more tricky, causing you to go in-depth with your research and analysis. 

These factors could include the use of material, work-holding, tooling, axial and radial depth of cuts, spindle rigidity, rpm limit, etc.

What if we tell you most of these factors will become irrelevant with one modification to your machine? 

You will most likely ask us, “what kind of modification?”

And the answer is CNC conversion.

What is CNC conversion?

To better understand CNC conversion, you will have to first learn about CNC machining. 

What is CNC Machining? 

CNC stands for Computer Numerical Control. 

CNC machining is the process of using pre-programmed computer software to dictate and control the movement and functionalities of a machine. 

Many industries use CNC machines, with the most saturation in metal and plastic production. 

Compared to manual machining, CNC machining is faster, more efficient, and more accurate. 

CNC machining is a subtractive manufacturing process, which means such machines typically employ computerized tools to remove layers of materials from a workpiece to produce a custom design part.

You might think that the computer has always been an intrinsic part of CNC machines, but that’s not true. 

The first CNC machine was a mere machine with a metal frame. It was invented in 1751 and was developed later to become what it is now. 

Earlier forms of CNC machines, NC machines, didn’t have any computer in their design.

The automation part came in the late 70s, and the inclusion of computer precision technology came later. 

It was not until the Cold War when computers started to become a part of the NC machines. 

At that time, US Navy commissioned Parson Works to increase the productivity of its product line for helicopter blades.

John T. Parsons, the owner of Parsons Works, motorized the machine’s axes to fasten the production of helicopter blades. 

Later, working with IBM, Parsons studied the use of computers in controlling these machines. And thus, CNC machines came into existence.

In 1952, Richard Kegg, in collaboration with MIT, developed the first CNC milling machine. And that’s how CNC machines came into commercial fame.

What are the Different Types of CNC Machines?

• CNC milling machine

  

Perhaps the most basic type of CNC machine, CNC milling machines, are used to produce a wide range of shapes, including face-milled features and peripheral-milled features. CNC milling machines have built-in tools for cutting and drilling.

Most CNC milling machines come in 3 to 6-axes configurations. They can produce gears like spur gear and drill into workpieces.

• CNC lathe

  

You can use CNC lathes to cut workpieces as they rotate. These machines can make precise cuts quickly and efficiently using various tools.

Compared to manual lathes, CNC lathes are more precise and come with a wide range of features to make shaping workpieces easier. 

CNC lathes come with similar features to CNC mills and can read G-codes and other proprietary programming languages. 

• CNC router

  

Similar to the commonly used handheld router used for cutting, a CNC router is automated and you can use it to cut woods, glass, composite, plastic, steel, and foam.

A CNC router powered by a computer uses numerical control to route tool paths that allow the machine to function according to set parameters. They are incredibly efficient and fast, enabling the operator to produce large amounts of products in a shorter period.

• CNC drill machine 

  

CNC drill machines are primarily used in mass production industries. They are multipurpose and can also be used for milling and turning. 

One can equip these machines with various tools to make them more versatile in production output. Moreover, the kind of drilling you need also mandates a change in the tools.

• CNC plasma cutter

  

You can use CNC plasma cutting machines to cut through materials using a plasma torch. You can use these machines to cut through heavy materials such as steel and other metals. 

A plasma cutter has gas blowing at a very high speed through the nozzle, which produces an electric arc. The electric arc formed through the gas is applied to the workpiece.

This process converts some of the gas into plasma, which ranges from 10,000-50,000 degrees.

• CNC Electric Discharge Machine

  

Electric Discharge Machines–EDM for short–are machines used to create specific shapes from a material by using electric discharge or sparks.

The machine removes the material from the workpiece by producing a series of recurring electric discharges between two electrodes. A dielectric fluid separates the two electrodes and receives electric voltage. 

In EDMs, you put the material between the two electrodes, and the machine calculates the amount of electrical discharge each electrode needs to produce to create specific shapes. 

Modern CNC machines are capable of great things. 

They are fast, efficient, consistent, versatile, accurate, and capable of greater production.

Unfortunately, CNC machines are expensive and massive, making them a difficult choice for hobbyist machinists and small shop owners. 

This brings us to the topic at hand: CNC conversion.

What is CNC conversion?

CNC conversion is the process of converting your old machines (lathes, mills, grinder, drill, etc.) with the help of external components. 

Converting your manual machines into CNC gives you all the advantages of a CNC machine without burning a hole in your pocket.

Simply put, CNC conversion drastically improves the performance of your manual machines by automating their functions with the help of motors and software. 

But how do you transform your old machine into CNC?

Using CNC conversion kits.

What is a CNC Conversion kit?

A CNC conversion kit is a set of tools that you can integrate into your old machine to turn into CNC. 

A typical CNC conversion kit comes with new hardware components, motors, and up-to-date software to keep it all running. 

It also comes with a new control unit, home and limit switches, and a motor control system. 

Some CNC kits are designed specifically for particular machines, while others can be implemented in most machines.

Not to mention, CNC kits also vary in terms of the features they offer.

Some CNC kits are extensive and come with complete electronic packages, control units, and software. 

Others are simpler and offer only hardware components and motors to make your machine CNC-ready.

Benefits of Using CNC Conversion Kit

CNC conversion kit is an excellent option for those looking to amp up their production and improve their machining capability without investing in a full-fledged CNC machine. 

The first and foremost reason for using a CNC conversion kit is that it is a much cheaper option than buying a new CNC machine.

Moreover, a CNC conversion kit allows you to revitalize your old machine with improved performance. 

CNC conversion kits also allow you to do the conversion yourself.

Most CNC conversion kits come with comprehensive guides that you can follow to perform the conversion yourself. 

Some of the advantages CNC conversion kits offer over new CNC machines include:

• Familiarity with the machine

You know your machine the best. When you work with a machine for years, you develop an uncanny familiarity with it. So when you convert your old machine into CNC, you are more likely to be in sync with its functionalities compared to when you buy a new CNC machine. 

• Improved Accuracy and Productivity

CNC conversion kit helps you improve the performance of your old machine at an affordable price. With the integration of external components, you can get your inactive machine up and running efficiently and more accurately than ever.

• Reduced Manual Labor

One of the most beneficial aspects of converting your machine to CNC is that you don’t have to spend hours finishing a product. Automation allows you to set the parameters on your machine and let it do the work for you. A CNC-converted machine will produce thrice as many products in an hour as you produce within an entire day.

How Does a CNC Conversion Kit Work?

A CNC conversion kit is a set of supplementary components. 

A CNC conversion kit does not add new axes or movement to the machine. It automates the existing ones.

CNC conversion kits come with a range of hardware components along with power units and motors. 

These components fit on your machine are connected with a motor to automate the movement of the machine.

Installing the new hardware may require removing certain components from your old machine. 

Most CNC conversion kits come with a detailed how-to guide to help you make the conversion yourself. 

How to Build Your Own CNC Machine Using a CNC Conversion Kit?

Before you get started with converting your mill/ lathe/ drill/ router into CNC, understand that it is a challenging process. 

Despite the comprehensive guide that comes with most CNC conversion kits, you need technical knowledge and skills to make the conversion. 

A successful transformation requires planning, expertise, and, most importantly, time on your part. 

It will most likely take you a week to complete the transformation, and if you are tight on schedule, it might even take a month. 

Moreover, CNC conversion kits are targeted at hobbyists and small shop owners. 

While you can improve the productivity and efficiency of your machine by converting it into CNC, you will not be able to use it for any commercial operation. 

You will also need another person with you to help you out with the conversion. 

Now that we have got that out of the way, let’s look at the tangible things required for a successful conversion.

• Mechanical components

First up, you will have to replace the lead screws in the machine with ball screws. Lead screws have backlash and aren’t suitable for CNC operations. 

Ball screws have little to no backlash and are an appropriate choice for CNC operations. 

Moreover, you might also have to remove some other components of your machine to make room for the conversion kit.

• Electronic components

Next up, it is time for the electronic components. 

You would need stepper drivers, a controller, limit switches, and mechanical test probes for controlling the X, Y, and Z movements.

The kind of speed and movement you need determines your choice of motors. 

Lastly, you would need a computer to run your CNC software and provide instructions to the mill. 

Making the Conversion

The exact steps of conversion depend on the machine that you are using. In this article, we are taking a more general approach that you can apply to most machines. 

If you get stuck at some point or are unable to follow the instructions, you can reach out to us, and we will help you the best we can.

• Mechanical retrofitting

The first step to the conversion is disassembling the entire machine to its bare structure. 

Remove each axis and replace the lead screws with ball screws.

If you are converting a mill, bear in mind that the weight of the Z-axis can be quite heavy, and you will most likely need an engine hoist to pick up and move it.

When you have dismantled each axis, add the CNC conversion kit components individually.

After replacing the lead screws with ball screws, replace the lead screw nut block with a ball screw nut block.

If the mounting holes in the nut block do not match, use an adapter to fix the ball screw nut block to the axis. 

You might also need to manually grind a bit to make the whole thing fit correctly. 

Once you have put the ball screws inside the axis, put the oil line back on.

Now, attach the stepper motors to the axis. For a mill, make sure the motor can handle the heavy weight of the Z-axis.

Repeat the same procedure with other axes. 

Once you have put all the axes in their place, ensure they are all in perfect alignment to avoid any accident.

For mill conversion, make sure the Z-axis is perfectly perpendicular to the table. You can use a tramming indicator to ensure the alignment of the Z-axis. 

You will also need to tram the spindle so that it is square to the bench.

• Managing the electronics

Once you do the mechanical part, you will need to move on to the electronic components.

You have already installed the stepper motors on each axis. Now, you need to fix the control system of the motors.

You will also need limit switches, probes, and an unregulated DC power supply.

Moreover, you will need stepper motor drivers.

The limit switches help prevent the machine from going beyond its physical limits. The probes are for assessing the position of the stock.

The computer connects to the controller using USB, ethernet, or Parallel Port Cable. 

The software that you use will depend on your choice of controller. It could be Mach3, GRBL, LinuxCNC, or something else entirely.

Wrapping It Up

We hope that this piece of content gave you a clear idea about CNC conversion and its applications.

If you are looking to transform your old mills, lathes, drill, grinder, router, or other machines into high-performance, efficient, and powerful machines at affordable prices, CNC conversion is your best bet.

They provide you with the same features as a full-fledged CNC machine and help you scale productivity and accuracy to the next level.

Let us know what kind of machine you work on and whether a CNC conversion seems the right way to move to automation. 

If you are looking for more expert advice or are stuck in the middle of a conversion, feel free to contact us, and we will help you build the perfect CNC machine for your needs.

Better yet, we will build a turn-key CNC machine for you from scratch and deliver it to your doorstep.

Whether you need a CNC conversion kit for your mill or lathe or need a pre-built CNC machine at low prices, contact CNC Conversion Plus for all your CNC needs.

In the meantime, be safe, keep your machines well-oiled and keep experimenting. 

Looking For mini lathe CNC conversion in Texas to save time and energy on projects and churn out more products? We, at CNC Conversion Plus, are up for it.

Mini lathes are one of the most used machines in production industries. They are used for producing cylindrical, conical, and flat surfaces. Lathes can also be used for drilling and boring circular and conical holes.

Mini lathes, in the hands of a skilled machinist, can be a great tool to conduct a wide variety of machining and production tasks.

However, despite the versatility of lathes, they are not as efficient when it comes to machining identical parts in quick successions.

This is where CNC comes in.

Mini lathe CNC conversion process is simple and straightforward.

CNC machines are Computer Numerical Control machines.

CNC conversion is basically the process of adding new technology to the old machine to make it more accurate and efficient in its functions.

Why should one consider mini lathe CNC conversion?

Well..the benefits of mini lathe CNC conversion are limitless.

Besides offering faster turnaround and efficient machining, CNC machines are also safer, more accurate, low on additional tooling cost, and more reliable.

So if you are looking for mini lathe CNC conversions, you are right on the path to better production and machining processes.

However, not every CNC conversion is the same.

In order to properly attain mini lathe CNC conversion, you will have to carefully figure out every single step of the conversion, including dismantling the machine and retrofitting it with proper tools.

If you are looking for mini lathe CNC conversion in Texas, CNC Conversion Plus is your best bet.

We offer easy-to-install CNC conversion kits that you can use to convert your mills and lathes into CNC yourself.

We also provide turnkey machines, where we purchase the machine you want, modify it as per your requirements, and deliver it to your address.

With that said, let’s take a look at how we convert mini lathe into CNC:

Mini Lathe CNC Conversion

The modern CNC mills and lathes come with microprocessors that read the G-code programs that the operator feeds into the computer.

Using the code, the microprocessors allow the lathes to function accordingly.

Operators also use computers to design the parts and to write programs either manually or through G-code using CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing) software.

So the first step to mini lathe CNC conversion is to introduce the machine to several new technologies including motors, processors, and a computer.

• Electronic Design

Starting with mini lathe CNC conversion, we establish an electronic design for the same.

The power supply circuit is scaled down to 25V AC and 9V AC, with the former catering to the motor voltage supply and the latter powering the logic circuit.

Later, these two AC voltage supplies are rectified using full-wave rectifiers separately. The rectification takes the 25V AC to 35V DC and 9V AC to 5V DC.

Moreover, before the main supply is fed into the capacitor and transformer, a 2A fuse is bridged to protect the circuit from high voltage inputs.

• Motors

Stepper motors are used in mini lathe CNC conversion in the place of manual handles of the machine to automate the movement of the lathe.

Stepper motors are affordable and reliable, allowing for easy and inexpensive conversion. We use Nema 23 stepper motors as they are suitable for X and Z axes of the lathe.

• Software

CAM software is used to make the machine move according to the design requirements. With the help of software, mini lathe CNC conversion starts to take shape.

Designs are developed in CAD (Computer Aided Design) and transformed into CAM. The software interprets the human-written codes into machining signals.

• Experimental Process

The next step in mini lathe CNC conversion is an experimental process. The program initiates as soon as the user starts the software. The operator can use the software to send exact instructions and coordinates on which they want the machine to perform.

The software also monitors limit switches and provides feedback to the operator. The operator can use the software to control and modify the motor speed and the direction of the lead screw.

If there is an issue, the program loops back to the beginning of the code route.

• Testing

Once the experimental process is done on mini lathe CNC conversion, we conduct an experiment to make sure everything is in sync and running smoothly. We conduct several tests on mechanical and electronic prototypes separately.

Once we finalize that both the prototypes are working fine, we integrate them with each other to produce the final device.

We use tools like an oscilloscope, digital multimeter, power generator, and tachometer to ensure the quality of conversion.

Assembling Part of Mini Lathe CNC Conversion

We mount the motors and flexible couplers for the X and Z axes directly to the current hardware without modifying the lathe in any way.

Once the device has been assembled, the power supply will automate both the axes and the computer can be used to modify and control the movement of the machine.

Concluding Mini Lathe CNC Conversion

Mini lathe CNC conversion is the best way to make use of computer-operated machines for production tasks without having to invest in a CNC machine.

If you are on the lookout for an easy and inexpensive way to convert your mini lathe into CNC in Texas, CNC Conversion Plus has got your back.

With 40 years of experience in designing and automating machines, we offer affordable and easy-to-install CNC conversion kits and turn-key machines that can automate your tasks and allow your operators to focus on other important things.

Our full 3-axis simultaneous machining capability kits come with top-notch quality components and help you design and execute more complex shapes with ease.